Philipp Rost / Blog
Working in the Netherlands: From a German perspective
Introduction
It's been more than five years since I made the pivotal decision to leave Germany in pursuit of a more fulfilling life in the Netherlands. In this journey, I have been warmly embraced by boundless opportunities and an enriching environment that I felt were stifled back home due to bureaucratic and legislative hurdles.
In this blog post, I aim to offer an extensive overview of life in the Netherlands, seen through the lens of a fellow German. It's essential to acknowledge that the following insights are tinted with my personal experiences and opinions. Your perceptions and encounters may vastly differ, and that's perfectly valid.
I come from a background in the tech industry, a sector that's notably vibrant and progressive here. If your professional field diverges, your experiences might not entirely mirror mine, but I believe the general essence of life in the Netherlands transcends professional boundaries.
While I delve into the myriad reasons that anchor my decision to call the Netherlands home, it's paramount to remember that this is my journey. The Netherlands has been a beacon of growth, innovation, and personal and professional development for me, unfettered by some of the constraints I felt in Germany.
In sharing my story, my fervent hope is to assist some of you standing at the crossroads of a life-altering decision. If you find yourself contemplating a fresh start in the picturesque expanses of the Netherlands, may my experiences shed light on your path and help inform your choice.
I extend a warm invitation for you to reach out with any questions or curiosities that may arise. The Netherlands, with its open arms, vibrant tulip fields, and innovative spirit, continues to be a source of inspiration and growth for me, and I am eager to share this journey with you.
Cultural Overview
Navigating through the intricate cultural landscape of the Netherlands and Germany presents a fascinating journey. Despite their geographical proximity, significant differences and surprising similarities mark the cultural atmospheres of these two European neighbors.
Cultural Similarities
Both the Netherlands and Germany possess a strong commitment to efficiency, punctuality, and order. The people of both nations value direct communication, wherein clarity and precision are emphasized. Both cultures share a passion for environmental sustainability, advocating for green practices and renewable energy. A mutual love for cultural events, festivals, and rich historical heritage further binds these nations in shared interests.
Cultural Differences
In Germany, hierarchical structures dominate both professional and social settings. The German society places high regard on titles, positions, and authority, observing a clear line of distinction and respect for higher-ranking individuals. In contrast, the Dutch emphasize equality and consensus. The Netherlands showcases a more egalitarian society where titles and hierarchy are downplayed, promoting open dialogue and contribution from all levels. You will notice that especially in meetings and at your lunch break where everyone is treated equally but also everyone has an opinion.
German communication is direct and to the point, with an emphasis on facts and information. Professional and private conversations value straightforwardness without unnecessary embellishments. The Dutch share a direct communication style but with a more informal tone. In the Netherlands, conversations may blend professional and personal topics, reflecting a preference for a balanced and congenial interaction.
The Netherlands strongly advocates for a balanced work-life dynamic. Dutch society emphasizes the importance of personal time, family commitments, and leisure activities. Flexible working hours and part-time opportunities reflect this cultural priority. Germany, while also valuing work-life balance, tends to have a more structured and formal work environment. German work culture leans towards well-defined working hours and roles. In Germany if you don't feel well and get sick you are required to visit a doctor and then send a note from your general practitioner to your employer whereas in the Netherlands if you are sick, then you are sick, it's trust based and nothing further is required. The only difference is if you are longer than one week sick, then you will receive a call from an agency which will check how you are feeling, but it's generally also not a big deal.
Social interactions in the Netherlands are characterized by a laid-back and open-minded attitude. The Dutch prioritize personal freedom, tolerance, and inclusivity, fostering a welcoming environment for diverse backgrounds and lifestyles. On the other hand, German social interactions, although warm and hospitable, may initially appear more reserved and formal, reflecting a distinction between private and public life. As the son of a Vietnamese immigrant and coming from East Germany I had my issues with the German hospitality. Obviously it's not a generalization but compared to the Netherlands (especially North Holland) you might encounter some form of discrimination, commenting and so forth depending where you are located. The Netherlands is generally more welcoming and open to immigrants but there might be as well differences depending on location.
Both countries value order and organization, but their approach varies. Germans are known for their adherence to rules and structured environment, reflecting in their well-organized public services and infrastructure. The Dutch, while also organized, exhibit a more pragmatic and flexible approach to rules, emphasizing practicality and efficiency.
Cultural Overview
Language serves as a powerful bridge, connecting individuals and cultures. Exploring the linguistic panorama of the Netherlands and Germany reveals insightful dimensions, influencing expatriates’ adaptation and integration into these countries. This section examines the distinctions between the Dutch and German languages and underscores the significance of mastering the local language in both nations.
Dutch and German Languages
At first glance, Dutch and German may seem quite similar. They both belong to the West Germanic language family, sharing numerous words and grammatical structures. However, upon a closer look, the differences become more apparent. Dutch grammar and vocabulary are considered to be simpler than German. German language employs four cases and has gender-specific articles, which can be a challenging aspect for learners. The pronunciation in Dutch is more straightforward compared to the diverse and complex sounds in German. As a German, I was able to understand written Dutch quite well without ever learning it, communication is a different thing and there are certainly a lot of "false friends" you should be aware of.
Learning Dutch
Living in the Netherlands, learning Dutch proves to be an invaluable asset. While many Dutch people are fluent in English, communicating in Dutch fosters deeper connections and enhances understanding of the local culture and customs. It facilitates smoother daily interactions, from shopping to navigating bureaucratic processes. Employers highly regard expatriates who invest time in learning Dutch, often viewing it as a commitment to integrating into the Dutch society and workplace.
Several resources are available for learning Dutch, including language schools, online platforms, and community courses. The Dutch government also provides language learning programs for newcomers, enhancing their linguistic skills and social integration. I urge you also to ask your employer if they might consider offering Dutch language courses to you, I know from personal experience that most employers are very open to do so.
Learning German
In Germany, the knowledge of the German language is paramount for comprehensive integration. While English is spoken in many professional environments, a significant proportion of the German population prefers communicating in their native language, especially in smaller cities and rural areas. Proficiency in German is often a prerequisite for various jobs, opening diverse career opportunities and fostering professional growth.
Germany offers a robust framework for language learning, with multiple language institutes, integration courses, and online resources available for expatriates. Mastery of German enhances not only professional prospects but also enriches social interactions, community involvement, and cultural appreciation.
Mastery of the local language broadens job prospects, allowing access to a wider array of roles and industries in both the Netherlands and Germany. Understanding the local language also deepens cultural immersion, providing insights into societal norms, traditions, and values, enhancing the expatriate experience. In both countries you will need it in order to establish friendships and be part of the community. Also bear in mind language skills facilitate everyday tasks, from administrative procedures to social interactions, contributing to a seamless and enjoyable living experience.
Working Hours and Job Opportunities
Diving into the realms of working hours and job opportunities in the Netherlands and Germany, especially from a tech industry perspective, reveals a tableau of possibilities, challenges, and unique features in each country.
Working Hours
In the Netherlands, the work week generally spans 36-40 hours, divided across five days. The Dutch prioritize work-life balance, reflecting in their flexible work arrangements and a significant emphasis on part-time employment. For tech professionals, this flexibility may translate into remote working opportunities, adaptable schedules, and an openness to part-time roles, allowing individuals to balance personal commitments and professional growth seamlessly.
In the tech industry, startups and established tech companies in the Netherlands often foster a culture of innovation, collaboration, and flexibility. Tech professionals may find environments conducive to creativity, continuous learning, and a balanced approach to work and life. It is common to offer fully remote or partly remote jobs and 25-30 days of vacation days.
Germany traditionally follows a five-day workweek, typically amounting to around 40 hours. Some variation exists, especially in the tech industry, where project-based work might require extended hours or offer additional flexibility. German companies generally uphold a structured work environment, emphasizing punctuality, efficiency, and productivity.
In the tech realm, Germany's robust and diverse industry landscape offers opportunities for innovation, career progression, and specialization. The work environment may be more structured, and German tech companies are still a bit old fashioned in their recruitment as well, and strictly require formal education.
Job Opportunities
The Netherlands stands as a burgeoning hub for the tech industry, hosting a multitude of tech companies, startups, and innovation centers. Cities like Amsterdam, Rotterdam, and Eindhoven are garnering global attention for their vibrant tech ecosystems, attracting talent and investments from across the world.
For tech professionals seeking opportunities in the Netherlands, sectors like FinTech, Cybersecurity, AI, and Software Development abound with potential. The country's strategic location, international outlook, and commitment to innovation further amplify its appeal for tech enthusiasts. The Dutch government’s supportive policies for the tech industry, including initiatives for talent attraction, development, and retention, add to the allure for tech professionals considering a career in the Netherlands.
Some of the world leading tech companies have their (European) headquarters in the Netherlands, such as Uber, Booking.com, Netflix and more.
Germany, with its robust economy and technological prowess, offers a dynamic and expansive landscape for tech professionals. Renowned as a global leader in automotive, engineering, and manufacturing, Germany is also making significant strides in digital transformation, AI, software development, and cybersecurity.
Cities like Berlin, Munich, and Hamburg are emerging as tech hotspots, characterized by a blend of established tech giants, innovative startups, and research and development centers. Germany’s investment in technology, research, and innovation underscores the abundance of opportunities for tech professionals seeking growth, diversification, and advancement.
Costs of Living
Understanding the costs of living is a paramount concern for individuals considering moving countries, and this holds true for anyone pondering a move between the Netherlands and Germany. Both nations offer high standards of living, robust public services, and vibrant cultural scenes, but they also have their unique economic landscapes. Let's delve into a detailed comparison of the costs of living between these two European neighbors.
Housing
Housing in the Netherlands, particularly in major cities like Amsterdam, Rotterdam, and The Hague, can be relatively expensive. Rental prices in central locations are high, with a significant demand for housing pushing prices upward. Purchasing property also involves substantial investment, with prices varying based on location, size, and type. But the hurdle to get a mortage and purchasing property is much lower than in Germany and it is more common to buy rather than rent.
In comparison, Germany offers a more diverse housing market. Cities like Berlin and Munich have expensive neighborhoods, but it is generally easier to find reasonably priced housing, especially in suburban or less central areas. The German property market provides a range of options catering to different budgets and preferences. But on the other hand, buying property is not as simple as it is in the Netherlands, you require a hefty down payment and you won't be able to get 100% financing compared to the Netherlands.
Utilities
Utilities (electricity, heating, cooling, water, garbage) in both countries are efficiently managed and reliable but contribute a fair share to monthly expenses. Internet and mobile connectivity are generally robust, with multiple providers offering various packages. Internet costs might be dependent on the provider slightly cheaper in the Netherlands and generally more reliable and faster.
Groceries
Grocery prices in the Netherlands are moderate but more expensive than Germany. Supermarkets offer a range of products at various prices, and local markets are popular for fresh and affordable produce.
Germany is known for its reasonably priced groceries. Discount supermarkets like Aldi and Lidl are widespread, offering quality products at lower prices, making everyday living more affordable.
Transportation
The Netherlands boasts excellent public transport systems, including buses, trams, and an extensive train network. Costs for public transport are more expensive than in Germany but therefor more reliable and cleaner. Many people opt for cycling, a cost-effective and popular mode of transport in the country.
Germany also provides efficient public transport systems, including buses, trams, U-Bahn (underground trains), and S-Bahn (overground trains). Prices are cheaper compared to the Netherlands, offering often very affordable monthly tickets for all transportation within a city or state. And owning a car is relatively more common, with associated costs for insurance, fuel, and maintenance.
Healthcare
Both countries offer high-quality healthcare services. Health insurance is mandatory, with various options for coverage. The costs of health insurance and medical services are comparable, ensuring access to excellent healthcare facilities and services. I would add though, the quality of a visit at the GP, is better in Germany, in the Netherlands you will often be sent home with some Ibuprofen and that's it.
Education
Both countries provide access to quality education, including international schools, universities, and institutions for higher learning. Education at public schools is generally free, with associated costs for materials and activities. Private and international schools entail higher expenses. I personally don't have much experience in that topic as I received only in Germany my education.
Taxation and Social Security
Navigating through the realms of taxation and social security is an essential component for expatriates or locals residing in Germany and the Netherlands. Both countries have their own distinct systems, and understanding these is crucial for ensuring compliance and making informed financial decisions. This concise comparison delineates the key aspects of taxation and social security in Germany and the Netherlands.
Tax in Germany
Germany follows a progressive tax rate for individuals, which can range from 0% to 45%. Besides income tax, residents may be liable for a solidarity surcharge and church tax. The country imposes a value-added tax (VAT) of 19% on most goods and services. Germany has double taxation agreements with numerous countries, ensuring that expatriates are not taxed twice on the same income.
Tax in the Netherlands
The Netherlands employs a box system for taxation, categorizing income into three different boxes, each subject to different tax rates. The highest income tax rate is 49.5%. A significant aspect of the Dutch tax system is the 30%-ruling, a tax advantage for skilled labor migrants, which effectively means 30% of their gross salary is tax-free. Like Germany, the Netherlands imposes VAT, set at 21% on most goods and services.
Social Security
Germany's social security system is comprehensive, covering health insurance, long-term care insurance, pension insurance, unemployment insurance, and accident insurance. Both employers and employees contribute to social security, ensuring a wide range of benefits and coverage for various life situations. Health insurance is mandatory, and individuals can choose between public and private providers.
Similar to Germany, the Netherlands offers an extensive social security system, encompassing healthcare, long-term care, unemployment benefits, and family benefits. Dutch social security is divided into national insurance, covering all residents, and employee insurance, applicable to employees and employers. Residents in the Netherlands are required to have health insurance, with various options available for additional coverage.
Salaries
In the Netherlands,
In Germany,